Air-dried beef, known in Mongolian as "borts," is one of the oldest and most essential foods of the Mongolian people. Its history dates back over a thousand years to the times of the ancient nomadic tribes on the Mongolian Plateau. For nomads who traveled constantly across the vast grasslands, food needed to be lightweight, non-perishable, and easy to carry. Air-dried beef was the perfect solution. By cutting beef into thin strips and drying it naturally in the sun and wind, the meat could last for months without spoiling. This made it an ideal food for long journeys, hunting trips, and harsh winters. Historically, Mongolian warriors, including those in Genghis Khan‘s army, relied on air-dried beef as a primary source of protein during their military campaigns. Today, it remains a beloved snack in Inner Mongolia and across China, valued for its rich flavor, chewy texture, and nutritional value.
Preparation Steps
The preparation of air-dried beef is a simple but time-honored process. Here are the essential steps:
Selecting the Meat: Lean beef, typically from the hind legs or shoulder, is chosen. The meat should be free of excess fat, as fat can turn rancid during the drying process.
Slicing the Meat: The beef is cut into long, thin strips, about 1-2 centimeters thick. The strips should be uniform in size to ensure even drying.
Seasoning: The meat strips are lightly seasoned with salt, and sometimes with a mixture of spices such as cumin, black pepper, or chili powder. The seasoning not only adds flavor but also helps preserve the meat.
Drying: The seasoned meat strips are hung on racks or lines in a well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight, or placed in a specialized drying room. The meat is left to air-dry for several days to weeks, depending on the temperature and humidity. The drying process removes most of the moisture, resulting in a dark, firm, and chewy product.
Storage and Serving: Once fully dried, the beef is stored in airtight containers or vacuum-sealed bags. It can be eaten as is, or sometimes lightly roasted or fried to enhance the flavor.
Review and Appreciation
Air-dried beef offers a unique taste experience. It is wonderfully chewy, with a rich, concentrated meaty flavor that intensifies as you chew. The seasoning adds a subtle warmth, making it a satisfying snack that can be enjoyed at any time of day. Its nutritional value is remarkable—it is packed with protein and provides sustained energy, making it a favorite among hikers, travelers, and athletes.
Among locals, air-dried beef is a nostalgic taste of home. It reminds many of childhood snacks, family gatherings, and the resilience of their ancestors. For tourists, it is a perfect and healthy souvenir to bring back from Inner Mongolia.